What Is the Army Fitness Test (AFT)? Complete Overview

The Army Fitness Test (AFT) is the United States Army’s official physical assessment designed to measure a soldier’s readiness for the physical demands of modern military service. This guide explains its purpose, structure, and evaluation system in detail.

Physical readiness is a fundamental requirement for military effectiveness. As operational environments evolve, so do the physical demands placed on soldiers. To address these changes, the U.S. Army introduced the Army Fitness Test (AFT) as a comprehensive way to assess physical capability relevant to real-world tasks.

The AFT evaluates strength, endurance, power, agility, and aerobic fitness through multiple events rather than relying on a single measure of physical performance.

What Is the Army Fitness Test (AFT)?

The Army Fitness Test is a standardized physical assessment used by the U.S. Army to evaluate a soldier’s overall physical readiness. Unlike previous fitness tests that focused primarily on endurance, the AFT measures multiple fitness domains linked directly to combat and duty requirements.

It is administered across all Army components and serves as a benchmark for individual readiness, training effectiveness, and long-term physical development.

Purpose of the Army Fitness Test

The primary goal of the AFT is to ensure that soldiers possess the physical capabilities required for modern military operations. It emphasizes functional fitness rather than isolated exercises.

Structure of the Army Fitness Test

The AFT consists of multiple events designed to test different physical attributes. Each event targets a specific fitness domain, and together they form a comprehensive evaluation.

Fitness Domain Primary Focus
Strength Ability to generate force
Power Explosive movement capability
Endurance Sustained physical effort
Agility Speed and directional control
Aerobic Capacity Cardiovascular efficiency

Core Events of the AFT

Each AFT event is designed to simulate movements commonly required in military tasks. Together, these events provide a balanced picture of physical readiness.

  1. Strength-based movement evaluation
  2. Explosive power assessment
  3. Upper-body muscular endurance
  4. Agility and sprint performance
  5. Aerobic endurance test

AFT Scoring System

Each event in the Army Fitness Test is scored individually. Scores are based on performance standards established by the Army and may vary according to age and gender categories.

Scores from all events are combined to produce a total AFT score, which reflects overall physical readiness rather than performance in a single area.

To better understand how scores are calculated and interpreted, tools such as an AFT CALCULATOR can help visualize performance against official standards.

Why the AFT Is Important

The Army Fitness Test plays a critical role in ensuring that soldiers are physically prepared for the demands of service. It also promotes a more holistic approach to fitness training.

Training for the Army Fitness Test

Preparing for the AFT requires balanced training that develops strength, endurance, mobility, and recovery. Overemphasis on one area may reduce overall performance.

AFT Compared to Previous Army Fitness Tests

The AFT represents a shift from traditional fitness assessments that focused mainly on calisthenics and running. It reflects a more modern understanding of physical readiness.

Aspect Previous Tests Army Fitness Test
Focus Endurance-based Multi-domain fitness
Movement Type Repetitive exercises Functional movements
Combat Relevance Limited High

Conclusion

The Army Fitness Test is more than a physical exam—it is a comprehensive assessment of a soldier’s readiness to meet the demands of modern military service. By evaluating multiple fitness domains, the AFT promotes balanced training and long-term physical capability.

Understanding the structure, purpose, and scoring of the AFT helps soldiers and trainees prepare effectively and approach fitness as a critical component of operational readiness.